Abstract The success of projects are depends on the people involve and how they tackle the design of the projects for specific needs, planning of activities, budget cost and execution to achieve the ultimate goal. Each phase of the project contributes an important task and this will reflect on how good the project management handled by the team.Project management means managing all the relevant activities of the project within the given constraints of time and cost, however , to complete specified project as per schedule and within the allocated budget, an accurate planning and optimization of all available resources will be required to complete all the tasks.During the projects, changes can occur even though the original scope may have been carefully planned. These changes might occur at any times and in ways that are unexpected.Changes during project execution can significantly affect not only time schedule but may affect also the economical aspect of the project. This phenomenon can be considered as normal and experienced world wide especially in the third world countries wherein lack of technical knowledge and resources are major problems.This study concerns the majority of the managerial changes occurred during the project execution step and the role of the organization in handling such changes as competitive and finding solutions in order to manage the project effectively.Many oil companies in Libya were facing numerous problems in the delay of project implementation, poor quality management, planning and poor performance which deviate from the required project objectives. Changes that occur later in the implementation cause serious problems in delaying the project schedule and increasing costs, effectively are reducing the benefits of the project.By Appling the questionnaire that consists of 30 specific questions which have been distributed to 13 Companies under umbrella of National Oil Corporation (N.O.C). Eight out of thirteen companies were responded.The analysis of the data collected from submitted questionnaire has been analyzed using Microsoft Excel 2000. That allows simple setting and manipulation of the data collected.Statistical data and interviews on the respondent companies indicate the following items: Full dependency on the external contractors to fully execute the project implementation that leads to high cost of contracts (EPC contracts).Poor supervision leading to significant delay of the implementation of the project. (Specifically of E P contracts).The Project Implementation profile (PIP technique) has been used on this study to evaluate one of the project which had delay and some other related problems selected random as case study. The analysis covered all the factors for project implementation. Technical factor.Managerial factors.Controlling factors. In order to improve the project management for oil & gas companies listed in this research and to overcome such problems. This study recommends a good communication and coordination system connecting all local petroleum companies and providing data exchange which enables to minimize time, cost personnel and learn from mistakes.
زينب مختار المصري (2007)

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Saleh R. Abdussalam Gashoot, J. M. Ashawesh, Ali M. Elmabrouk(4-2004)

Fabric formwork can be used in both cast-in-place and precast applications. It offers several advantages over conventional formwork technology and provides opportunities for innovations in architectural and structural concrete members. arabic 10 English 48
Hakim Salem Abdelgader Abdelgader (3-2018)