قد كشفت بعض الـدراسات التربوية عن " أن المعلم لا يستطيع أن يقود العملية التعليمية وتطوير مادتها، وطرق تدريسها لمسايرة التطور السريع في ميدان المعرفة، وتنفيذ المهمة الموكلة إليه إلا إذا تمكن من مجموعة من الكفايات التدريسية الأساسية". من بين هذه الكفايات التدريسية التي يجب أن يكون المعلم متمكنا منها التخطيط للدرس وإدارة الصف وبعض السمات الشخصية وبعض الكفايات الأخرى. تعتبر مرحلة ما قبل المدرسة (رياض الأطفال) مـن المراحل المهمة التي تتطلب مـن المدرس أن يبذل قصار جهده لتوصيل المعارف والمعلومات الأساسية، ويجب أن يكون على مستوى عال من تلك الكفايات التدريسية. تهدف الدراسة للتعرف على مستوى الكفايات التدريسية لمعلمات (رياض الأطفال) مرحلة ما قبل المدرسة. arabic 124 English 0
أ. زهرة أبوبكر الحمال, أ. سعاد ميلاد الصيد(1-2011)

A total of 25 randomly purchased bread samples were analyzed in this study from 25 different bakeries in Tajoura city. Bread in Libya is highly consumed among all socioeconomic groups; it is mainly consumed in breakfast, dinner and school meals. Potassium bromate is the most popular additive used in bakery industry worldwide. Bakeries in the US used Potassium bromate as bread improver since 1914 to increase bread volume and texture and improve bread production. The main aim of this study is to assess the safety of bread by the measurement of residual potassium bromate using a rapid and reliable method and to investigate the level of compliance to the ban fourteen years later. This method is based on the reaction between bromate and iodide in acidic medium to produce iodine (I2). The absorbance of I2 was measured spectrophotometrically at 488nm. The calibration curve was linear (R2=0.9996) over the range 1.0 – 5.0mg/L of potassium bromate. Despite the ban of potassium bromate in Libya since 2005 due to its classification as a potential carcinogen it is still detected in local bread loaves. All samples showed high levels of potassium bromate to be 300 to 1333 more than the permissible level set by the American Food and Drug Administration (FDA) which is highly toxic for consumers and could threaten their health over prolonged regular consumption. A continuous pursuance and implementation of the ban on use of potassium bromate in baking industry in Libya is recommended. arabic 11 English 67
RAGIAB ALI MOKHTAR ISSA(1-2020)

In most cases dietary supplements especially in Libya are consumed without prescriptions and the public has very limited any awareness of their health risk. The lack of quality control on numerous brands of dietary supplements in pharmacies of Libya today may result in a serious health problem. The aim of this study is to determine the iron content using a fast and accurate method for quality control of some imported dietary supplements, based on spectrophotometric measurement of iron after complexation with 1, 10-phenanthroline in an acidic medium. Eight types of vitamin supplementary tablets were randomly collected from the Libyan market and analyzed for the iron content. The analysis showed an average value of 61mg Fe/pill for the range of 40.07-112.63 mg Fe/pill. Results showed that 75% of the samples were lower in iron content than that recorded on the dietary products.
Ragiab A. M. Issa(4-2020)