Multi Protocol Label Switching (MPLS) is a core networking technology that operates essentially in between Layers 2 and 3 of the OSI model; for this reason, MPLS has been referred to as operating at Layer 2.5. MPLS can overlay existing technologies such as Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM) or Frame Relay, or it can operate in an entirely IP native environment; this can allow users to take advantage of existing Customer Premises Equipment (CPE) while making a move towards converging all network traffic, such as data, video and voice, at a pace that users can accommodate and afford. MPLS provides. its users a number of advantageous features such as traffic engineering, network convergence, failure protection, and the ability to guarantee Quality of Service (QoS) over IP. arabic 2 English 27
Mariam Abojela Msaad, Amer R. Zerek , Wesam M. Tohamei(1-2012)

This book chapter describes the place of MPLS in current state-of-the-art computer networking systems which emphasis the use of MPLS as a quality of service technique in different networking environments such as data centers and multimedia networking as a backbone networks. The chapter also includes practical experiments; which applied using OPNET network simulation tool; about transmitting multimedia over IP/MPLS networks and a fat tree data center architecture that employing MPLS. The examples show the feasibility of MPLS as a quality of service tool compared to best-effort IP networks. In addition, this chapter describes an effort of designing a network-on-chip system engaging MPLS mechanism as on-chip communication method which has been completely developed in C++. However, all results clearly confirm that MPLS is an efficient quality of service tool.
Azeddien M. Sllame(4-2021)

Integral imaging, also known as Holoscopic imaging to be promising approach for glassless 3D and Its methodology uses the principle of “Fly’s eye” and hence allows natural viewing of objects (i.e. fatigue free viewing), In this paper, the main objective is to provide a new plug-in tools for full parallax computer generated 3D Holoscopic content, based mainly on 3D Virtual Reality Modeling Language parser to enable 3D integral images content and rendering to be produced from VRML file format, and displayed on auto-stereoscopic. In the proposed system, the 3D content is either captured by a single camera with a micro lens, cylindrical lens array or computer generated to allow for mixed 3D video generation. Multiprocessor ray tracing system is adapted to be able to generate 3D integral images that containing 3D IIVRML integral images content parser modules; new 3D IIVRML file format is created by uses 3D unidirectional camera parameters in order to import/accept into ray tracer renderer software. Experimental results show validation of the new plug-in software tool and tests on such Tie scene and Cessna scene . Consequently, 3D integral images frames and short time 3D II movie are generated and displayed without a glass on PC screen, LCD and the HoloVizio.
Dr. Mahmoud Geat Eljadid, Prof. Amar Aggoun(1-2018)