Biometric systems have a powerful potential to provide security for a variety of applications, systems are nowadays being introduced in many applications and have already been deployed to protect personal computers, Banking machines, credit cards, electronic transactions, airports, high security institutions like nuclear facilities, Military Bases and other applications like borders control, access control, sensitive data protection and on-line tracking systems. While biometrics may improve security in different environments and serve many purposes, biometric systems, like any other security system, have vulnerabilities and are susceptible to threats. they are susceptible to external vulnerabilities of biometric systems so that their weaknesses can be found and useful countermeasures against foreseeable attacks can be developed The increasingly high profile use of biometrics for security purposes has provoked new interest in researching and exploring methods of attacking biometric systems.
Abdulmonam Omar Ahmed Alaswad, Ahlal H. Montaser, Fawzia Elhashmi Mohamad(0-2014)

The advertising ecosystem faces major threats from ad fraud caused by artificial display requests or clicks, created by malicious codes, bot-nets, and click-firms. Currently, there is a multibillion-dollar online advertisement market which generates the primary revenue for some of the internet's most successful websites. Unfortunately, the complexities of the advertisement ecosystem attract a considerable amount of cybercrime activity, which profits at the expense of advertisers. Web ad fraud has been extensively studied whereas fraud in mobile ads has received very little attention. Most of these studies have been carried out to identify fraudulent online and mobile ads clicks. However, the identification of individual fraudulent displays in mobile ads has yet to be explored. Additionally, other fraudulent activity aspects such as hacking ad-campaign accounts have rarely been addressed. The purpose of this study is to provide a comprehensive review of state-of-the-art ad fraud in web content as well as mobile apps. In this context, we will introduce a deeper understanding of vulnerabilities of online/mobile advertising ecosystems, the ad fraud’s well-known attacks, their effective detection methods and prevention mechanisms. arabic 8 English 40
Hala Shaari, Nuredin Ahmed(12-2020)

Epidemics control is a continues struggle. In this paper is an attempt to model and then simulate an epidemiological disease known as Cutaneous Leishmaniasis (CL), which is currently affecting large communities in Libya. The model is developed to facilitate the Agent Based Models (ABM) as one of the many tools applied for epidemiological management. Validation of the model is considered by comparing the model's behavior with a trend of field data used by Libyan authorities. The methodology used for describing and designing CL model is derived from nature of the disease mechanisms. The ABM model involves three types of agents: Human, Rodent and Sand-fly. Each agent has its own properties. Additionally, global model parameters are used for following the human infection processes. Several experiments are given for illustrating the model performance, and monitor the number of people infected. Simulation results show that active human agents are more vulnerable to sand-fly bites, and infection rate is increasing or decreasing dependent on number of sand-fly vectors, number of host rodents, and human population awareness level. arabic 9 English 68
Rudwan A. Husain, Hala Shaari, Marwa Solla, Hassan A. H. Ebrahem(3-2019)