Abstract A technique for mixed–languages program is introduced to mix C and FORTRAN. programming languages. This technique enables the programmer to develop programs. composed of different code sections each written in either C or FORTRAN. Each. Section can access and use the variables decleared in other sections. The variables. Decleared in C sections can be used in FORTRAN sections. This process in which a data variable is declared in a program section of a certain. Language and used in another section of another language is given the name "Data Variable Emigration". A preprocessor is designed to read the mixed source program, separate the code. Sections in different files and determine the emigrated variables and define them by the syntax of the language they emigrated to. Then the preprocessor send the sections files to the compilers to get the object files and send these files to a common linker to produce one execution file.
رحاب عبد الله رجب بن عبد الله (2009)

Accumulating evidence indicates the role of endocrine disruptor bisphenol A (BPA) in many pathological conditions. Histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibition has potential for the treatment of many diseases/abnormalities. Using a mouse BPA exposure model, this study investigated the hepatoprotective effects of the Food and Drug Administration–approved HDAC2 inhibitor valproic acid (VPA) against BPA-induced liver pathology. We randomly divided 30 adult male Swiss albino mice (8 weeks old; N = 6) into five groups: group 1, no treatment (sham control (SC)); group 2, only oral sterile corn oil (vehicle control (VC)); group 3, 4 mg/kg/day of oral BPA (single dose (BPA group)); group 4, 0.4% oral VPA (VPA group); and group 5, oral BPA + VPA (BPA + VPA group). At the age of 10 weeks, the mice were euthanized for biochemical and histological examinations. BPA promoted a significant decrease in the body weight (BW), an increase in the liver weight, and a significant increase in the levels of liver damage markers aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase in the BPA group compared to SC, as well as pathological changes in liver tissue. We also found an increase in the rate of apoptosis among hepatocytes. In addition, BPA significantly increased the levels of oxidative stress indices, malondialdehyde, and protein carbonylation but decreased the levels of reduced glutathione (GSH) in the BPA group compared to SC. In contrast, treatment with the HDAC2 inhibitor VPA significantly attenuated liver pathology, oxidative stress, and apoptosis and also enhanced GSH levels in VPA group and BPA + VPA group. The HDAC2 inhibitor VPA protects mice against BPA-induced liver pathology, likely by inhibiting oxidative stress and enhancing the levels of antioxidant-reduced GSH.
Mohamed A. Al-Griw, Zaynab Osama Alshibani, Rabia Omar abdullah Alghazeer, Mohamed Elhensheri, Refaat. M. Tabagh, Areej A. Eskandrani, Wafa S. Alansari, Mahmoud M. Habibulla, Ghalia Shamlan(6-2022)

هذا البحث يقدم نماذج العيب للبرمجة بلغة السي أثناء تنفيد البرامج، نماذج العيب تزود تحليل للعيب/ الفشل موضحاً كيف يمكن للعيب في البرمجة بلغة السي أن يسبب تغيير حالة البيانات في البرنامج لتصبح حاطئة، وكيف أن تلك البيانات الخاطئة يمكن أن تستمر إلى الحالة النهائية للبرنامج، وبذلك يظهر الفشل Failure. نماذج العيب أيضاً تتضمن دليل لأنواع العيوب التي يعتقد أنها تمثل العيوب التي من المحتمل أن تكون مقدمة في البرامج من قبل مبرمجين يكتبون برامج لغة السي. كل نوع من هذه العيوب يكون موصوفاً في شروط حسب العيب الذي يظهر في محتوى برنامج لغة السي الأصلي وكذلك كيف يمكن أن يسبب التأثير في حالة البرنامج. أنواع العيوب تكون محددة من التحليل الدقيق لقواعد اللغة syntaxes ومعانيها semantics للبرامج المكتوبة بلغة السي. نماذج العيب يمكن أن تساعد المختبرين والمبرمجين لتحديد الأماكن في البرنامج التي غالباً ما تظهر فيها العيوب، نماذج العيب يمكن أن تكون أساساً جيداً لتصنيف العيب وإختبار التغيير وتفتيش البرنامج وتقييم إستراتيجيات الإختبار للبرامج المكتوبة بلغة السي. أمثلة معطاة لتبين النماذج الملائمة لهذه الأغراض. Abstract This thesis presents a fault models for C programming (Turbo C, version 3.0) in run-time of programs. The fault models provide a fault/failure analysis of how a fault in C programming can cause a data state change in the program to become corrupted, and how that erroneous data can propagate to the final state of the program, thereby manifesting a failure. The fault models also include a catalog of fault types that are believed to represent faults likely to be introduced in programs by programmers writing C code. Each type of fault is described in terms of how it appears syntactically in source code as well as in how it can cause an infection of program state. The fault types are identified from a careful analysis of the syntaxes and the semantics of C programs. The fault models can help testers and programmers identify places in a program where faults are most likely to appear, and identify what kinds of faults to look out for when using certain feature in C language. The fault models is claimed to be a good foundation for fault seeding, mutation testing, program inspections, and evaluation of testing strategies for C programs. Examples are given that demonstrate the model’s suitability for these purposes.
وفاء حسين محمود المصباحي (2010)