تعتبر الاشيريكية القولونية من أكثر الممرضات البكتيرية تقلباً. سلالات من هذه البكتيريا تمتلك عوامل شراسة تمكنها من التسبب في حدوث الإمراض الاسهالية وكذلك الإصابات خارج الجهاز المعوي، عن طريق العديد من الميكانيكيات الامراضية الخاصة.الاشيريكية القولونية الممرضة معوياً Enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (EPEC) هي من أهم مجموعات الاشيريكية القولونية المسهلة والمرتبطة مع إسهال الأطفال الرضع في الدول النامية. كذلك تكمن أهمية الاشيريكية القولونية المدمية معوياً Enterohemorrhagic EHEC)) Escherichia coli في الإصابات الآدمية، في ارتباط هذه الكائنات مع نوعين من الأمراض المهمة وهي التهابات القولون المدمي وحالات البول المدمي. الهدف من هذه الدراسة هو مدى وجود سلالات الاشيريكية القولونية التابعة لمجموعتي EPECو EHEC في الأطفال وفي مصادر الأغذية والمياه في منطقة طرابلس-الجماهيرية. لاشيريكية القولونية عزلت من المصادر المختلفة شملت براز الأطفال والأغذية والمياه. أجريت الاختبارات الميكروبيولوجية لجميع العزولات واستعمل نظام API20E للتأكد من تعريف العزولات. الاختبارات المصلية عن طريق التراص على الشريحة أشارت إلى أن 132 عزولة كانت تنتمي إلي السلالات التابعة إلي مجموعتي EPEC وEHEC، وقورنت النتائج مع دراسات أخرى. تم عزل المجموعات المصلية التالية والتي تتبع EPEC وEHEC O26:، O45، O55، O86، O103 ، O111 ، O114،O119 ،O121، O125، O126، O127، O128، O142 ، O145 ، O175،O158 . نتائج اختبارات مدى حساسية العزولات للمضادات الحيوية كانت متنوعة ,وجميع العزولات كانت حساسة للمضاد الحيوي amikacin . Abstract Escherichia coli is probably the most versatile of all bacterial pathogens .Strains of this species posses combination of virulence factors that enable them to cause diarrheal diseases and also the cause of extra intestinal diseases by means of several distinct pathogenic mechanisms .Enteropathogenic Escherichia coli ( EPEC) is an important categories of diarrheagenic E.coli which has been linked with infant diarrhea in developing world .The importance of Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC) in human diseases lies in the association between these organisms and two diseases, hemorrhagic colitis (HC) and hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS) . The aim of this study was to detect the presence of EPEC and EHEC in children and in foods and water sources in Tripoli –Jamahiriya.E.coli was isolated from all sources. Full microbiological studies were performed on all isolates, and API20E system was used to confirm their identification .Serological studies by slide agglutination showed 132 isolates were belong to EPEC and EHEC serogroups .The following serogroups were isolated : O26,O45,O86,O55, O103,O111,O114,O119,O121,O125,O126, O127,O128,O142,O145, O157 and O158The results were compared with those of other investigators.Results of antibiotics sensitivity were variable and all of isolates were sensitive for one antibiotic amikacin .
ربيعة عبد الحفيظ عبد القادرالكوت (2008)

Abstract The study area is located in and around Umm Ar Razam village, about 50 Km east of Darnah city, north-eastern Libya. In this study many claystone sections were studied. These claystones belong to the lowermost part of Al Faidiyah formation of Upper Oligocene – Lower Miocene age. The studied sections consist of claystone beds ranging in thickness about 10 meters. These bentonitic clays are generally grey to greenish grey in colour, with popcorn – like appearance. They have a waxy character and are exposed sporadically in this area as isolated outcrops. They might be deposited in lagoonal, lacustrine or shallow marine environment. The main purpose of this thesis is to study the origin and to evaluate the Umm Ar Razam bentonitic clays. For example, lithology, mineralogy, the chemical composition, crystal forms and habits, physical properties, industrial uses and treatment will be investigated. The Results showed that these clays consist of the minerals Na- montmorillonite, Kaolinite, and Illite. Non – clay minerals includes quartz, calcite, dolomite, gypsum, halite, muscovite, rutile, sanidine, and tridymite. Moreover, clay mineral fraction studies using the different techniques showed that these bentonitic clays were formed due to in situ alteration of volcanic ash in subaquous environment. Evidences for such an occurrence include mineralogical evidence as the existence of high temperature minerals as sanidine, rutile, and tridymite. The existence of unaltered volcanic ash as seen from SEM photomicrographs also supports this origin. Furthermore, XRF results showed downward depletion of silica right below these bentonitic clays 6 in calcarenite beds of Al Abraq formation. XRF results also showed that the Umm Ar Razam bentonites are in accordance with the American bentonites and the parent material of such bentonites came from basic volcanic ash materials. In addition, the viscosity and the filtration of Umm Ar Razam bentonite is nearly identical with the international bentonite by adding (Soda Ash) and (Na2 SiO3 ) with special treatment method. The cost of the Enhanced Umm Ar Razam bentonite is less than of the imported bentonite cost. Based on the physical and chemical properties these bentonites can be used in many industries especially as building materials and drilling fluids.
فيصل عياد أبو سهمين (2009)

Abstract In this thesis, we study different numerical methods used to solve ordinary differential equations of the first and second orders and where related important definitions are given . We will concentrate first on Differential Equations of the first order and the truncation errors which are derived for various methods and those compared with the expected errors , whenever possible . Two applications were given in science of biology and physics which were studied in details . Finally we draw our attention to ordinary differential equations of the second order where we study initial-value problems and boundary-value problems with the application of the wellknown numerical procedures :the shooting method and the finite difference method . The important conclusion we came up with is that the truncation error is always greater than the expected error for all methods used, and this which was expected .
عفاف احمد الجطلاوي (2014)