This paper aims at identifying aspects of disharmony between semantic and syntactic features that result in meaningless medical translated sentences. A special focus is given to Chomsky’s Transformational Generative Theory (T.G. Grammar) that extrapolates the correlation between deep structure (which determines the semantic features of a sentence) and the surface structure (which determines the syntactic structure of a sentence), putting in consideration the importance of achieving harmony between meaning and structure to produce meaningful and accurate translation of the source text (ST) resulting in an acceptable final product (target Text). The investigation of this study also relies on the concept of ‘Selectional Restrictions’ which suggests that certain sets of verbs stand with agreement with certain sets of subjects/objects that subsequently lead to the production of semantically acceptable sentences. Accordingly, it is imperative to touch upon aspects related to the Componential Analysis Theory where the meaning of a word is expressed with the assistance of (+) and (-) markers. I consider this study to be unique and innovative as it applies such prominent semantic theories, for the first time, with the craft of translation, offering real concrete examples extracted from practical translation tasks performed by students of Translation Dept., Faculty of Languages- University of Tripoli. Worth mentioning, that a piece of a translation is proved to be correct when semantic/syntactic harmony is achieved and where the message of the source text (ST) is being effectively communicated in the target text (TT). On the contrary, any disharmony between deep/surface structures found would seriously undermine the quality and correctness of a translation product. Key Words: Source Text (ST) - Target Text (TT) – Deep Structure – Surface structure - Selectional restrictions arabic 11 English 73
ثريا البشير محمد الويفاتي(12-2020)

" من خلال تجربته كأستاذ للغة الانجليزية بالإدارة العامة للتدريب والنادي الاجتماعي لاحظ الباحث إن معظم ضباط الشرطة لديهم الحافز(الدافع) القوي لتعلم اللغة الانجليزية وذلك كلا حسب مكان وطبيعة عملة وامكانياتة. ومن خلال تواجد الباحث تمكن من معرفة بعض المعوقات التي تكون محبطة لحافز التعلم اللغوي لديهم. لذلك تقرر البحث في هذه المشكلة وتقديم بعض المقترحات التي تساعد علي رفع مستوي الحافز لدي ضباط الشرطة لتعلم اللغة الانجليزية. قام الباحث أولا بجمع المعلومات من خلال إجراء استبيان ومسح لبعض أراء كبار ضباط الشرطة في هذا الصدد. ويتضمن البحث أربعة فصول وهي كالأتي: الفصل الأول: يتناول عرضا شاملا لدور الحافز في تعليم اللغة الانجليزية لدي ضباط الشرطة. الفصل الثاني: دراسة عملية عن دور الحافز لدي ضباط الشرطة في تعلم اللغة الانجليزية. الفصل الثالث: يتناول هذا الفصل تحليلا لنتائج الدراسة العملية التي أجريت على ضباط الشرطة. الفصل الرابع: وينتهي بالنتائج والتوصيات التي توصل إليها.  Abstract: Some police officers in Libya are still not clear about the reasons why they need to learn English. Most of them have studied English for a long time, since preparatory school, and they are not aware of the benefits they gained through learning English. It is easy for them to follow teachers’ instructions without strong motivated self-learning. The phenomena of a few independent learning models may explain why police officers usually do not have a systematic way of learning English, or a clear goal for studying the language. However, the only concern they have is to pass the final English examination at the end of a given course. Learners’ motivation determines the degree of their efforts and personal participation in learning English. This thesis examines police officers’ motivation of learning English, looks at definitions of motivation, Gardner’s social-educational model, and addresses how to facilitate the efficient teaching. Researching Gardner’s theory on police officers’ motivation can help teachers to use classroom activities that can stimulate students’ interests in learning English better. This thesis includes four chapters: The first chapter: Background of the Study this chapter talks about Motivation and language learning. The role of motivation in success the language learning. Why ranking police officers are motivated to learn English? The second chapter: Literature Review; in this chapter I will define motivation and types of motivation. This chapter also reviews motivation theories, including Gardner’s social psychological approach and Gardner’s socio-educational model. The third chapter: In this chapter, I did an experimental study to measure motivation of ranking police officers in learning English in Tripoli and then analysis of data and findings. The fourth chapter: In this chapter, I have collected the results and Conclusion and also the recommendations of the research. The relevant motivation theories can help teachers to build a supportive learning environment, to initiate students’ interest, and to enhance their learning motivation. As far as police officers, they generally lack learning motivation and have lower proficiency; therefore it is necessary for teachers to use appropriate strategies to cultivate students’ motivation. "
محمد عمر علي عاشور (2010)

إن الهدف من هذا البحث هو محاولة إلقاء الضوء و فهم عدد من المشكلات التي يمكن أن تواجه المتعلم أثناء عملية التعلم و اقتراح بعض الحلول لها ، حيث سنحاول الإجابة على بعض الأسئلة التي يمكن أن يطرحها أي شخص مهتم بالعملية التربوية ، و سنعتمد في إجاباتنا على نتائج البحوث التي أجريت في ميداني علم النفس التربوي و علم النفس الإدراكي. arabic 78 English 0
الناصر عبد الحميد محمد يونس(1-1999)