Abstract The contribution of this thesis is to improve the understanding of flame dynamics in the gas turbine combustor. The dynamic of diffusion flame or the flicker of a flame, as they are called in the research community is an important physical parameter associated with the characteristics of a combustion process. The flicker frequency of a flame reflects its oscillation of radiation, pressure and other characteristics, and plays an important role in flame structure, radiation field and energy efficiency. In addition, flickering frequency could be an indication of flame instability. It is therefore important to be able to measure the flicker of a flame in order to achieve an in depth understanding of the fundamental aspects of combustion processes and to develop a technique suitable for advanced flame monitoring in electrical power generation, gas turbine, boiler, and etc... To understand the phenomena related to thermoacoustic, a simple Rijke-type tube combustor was built and studied. Extensive experimental results, as well as theoretical analyses related to the Rijke tube is presented in this project. The results, attributable to both the analyses and the experiments, help explain all the phenomena affecting the acoustic pressure in the combustor. The conclusion is that there are three separate yet related physical processes affecting the acoustic pressure in the tube. To understand this parameter, a simple system was built and studied. Extensive experimental results are presented in this project to measure a flicker signal. In order to begin to understand what flicker parameter is, it was necessary to collect and analyze the light signal produced by light cell from burner which operates on diffusion flame, the chosen method for data collection was a light data acquisition system, the acquired light signal was then analyzed with Lab VIEW software, the software’s main feature is that it was capable of defining the light signal in many parameters, the most important of which were: power spectrum, cross correlation and the light wave shape. The power spectrum gave a concise presentation of the main frequencies which constituted the flicker signals, and their relative amplitudes. this was very helpful in determining the frequency of the diffusion flame (flicker signal).flame height and flame lift off also have been studied in this project. Finally applied this technique and all this Procedures at alkhoms power plant gas turbine combustor and then we compare the results with other technique like CCD camera and Photomultiplier we option the same results with cheaper devices
محمد عمران محمد (2013)

In this paper, an orthopedic robot-assisted drilling system is presented. The system consists of a six degree of freedom robot manipulator equipped with a multi axis force/torque sensor and an electrical drilling tool attached to the robot end-effector. The purpose of the system is to enable the orthopedic surgeons to drill the patient bone using the robot manipulator and automatically detect the bone breakthrough during bone fixation process. The breakthrough is detected by measuring the forces acting on the drilling tool tip. This will reduce/eliminate the need for X-rays imaging used in traditional bone fixation. The system has been tested on sheep bone. The result has shown that, the bone drilling operation can be handled by a robot manipulator to improve the quality of the drilling operation. With this system, the bone breakthrough can be easily detected and further damage of the healthy patient tissue would be avoided. This will lead to fast patient recovery and short hospital stay.
Azeddien Kinsheel, Zahari Taha, J. Lee(1-2008)

Abstract For this study, two identical single-effect of single basin solar stills are designed, fabricated, tested, and evaluated, where one of them is employed alone which is referred to as “passive still”, while the other is coupled to a flat plate solar collector introducing what so called the active still. Both are installed at the same site in Tripoli-Libya and they are oriented due to south. Measurement of various temperatures, solar intensities, humidity, wind speed and distillated water production are taken each hour for several days of August under various operating conditions. Two operational modes are considered; each of the passive and active stills is operating for the whole day. These tests were performed using seawater and water basin different depths. The water production of the active still is reported to be 6.6 L/m2.day which is higher than that of the passive still by 56 per cent approximately. The maximum daily efficiency is calculated to be 24 per cent approximately for the active still system while it is 14 per cent approximately for the passive still. Yet, the still thermal performance seems to have a complex function of geometrical, constructional, and operational conditions, site characteristics and layout details.
صالح أحمد سرابيط (2010)