INTRODUCTION: CAD/CAM denture base materials are milled from pre-polymerized pucks of resin that are highly condensed. So, they provide no polymerization shrinkage eliminating its subsequent disadvantages. This technology offered improved fit, strength properties and more bio-hygienic denture bases compared with conventional processing of the denture base material. OBJECTIVES: The aim of the study was to evaluate the physico-mechanical properties of CAD/CAM denture base material and the effect of thermo-cycling on it compared with the conventional one. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study was conducted on two parallel groups, divided according to the denture material used. Group (1) conventional PMMA (control group), group (II) CAD/CAM PMMA (study group) of 40 specimens each (16 for impact strength, 16 for flexural strength, 8 for surface roughness and grinded powder form both materials for residual monomer test). Each group was divided into 2 sub-groups: (A) No thermo-cycling and (B) Thermo-cycling, then subjected to 4 different tests, impact strength, flexural strength, surface roughness and residual monomer tests. Data were collected, tabulated and statistically analyzed. Significance level was set at 5%. Bar charts were used for graphical presentations. RESULTS: Our study revealed a highly statistically significant decrease in residual monomer of CAD/CAM PMMA material in both conditions before and after thermo-cycling when compared to conventional PMMA material, which therefore leads to enhanced impact strength and significantly reduced surface roughness after heat treatment. On the other hand, also a highly significant reduction of its flexural strength after thermocycling has been observed. CONCLUSIONS: CAD/CAM dentures with lower amount of methacrylate monomer exhibit more favourable physico-mechanical properties and they have a long-term biocompatibility even with thermal changes making them a more satisfactory as a denture base material for edentulous patients.
Yusra Muftah Saad Elfaidy, Ahmed M. Abdelhamid, Sonia M. Elshabrawy(12-2018)

طالما أن الفرد والمجتمع متلازمان ولا ينفصلان، فإنه يجب تنظيم العلاقة بين سلطة الدولة وحريات الأفراد وبما أن ،في المجتمع الدستور يمثل وسيلة الحكم الديمقراطي في المجتمعات المتقدمة، فعليه تقع مهمة تنظيم هذه العلاقة تحيل كونه يس تصور مجتمع بشري بدون تشريع، فالرابطة الاجتماعية هي رابطة قانونية قبل كل شيء وحيث يكون المجتمع يكون القانون. وفي الواقع، لا تكون حماية ممارسة الحريات العامة دائما وفي كل مكان بنفس الطريقة، حتى داخل الدولة كما أن ال ،الواحدة حلول تختلف تبعا للحريات المعنية، أي تبعا للنشاط الإنساني المعني، وأنماط تنظيمها لا يقع دائما على ذات المستوى ، وإنما يتغير تبعا للحالات العادية التي يكون فيها المجتمع والظروف الاستثنائية التي تمر .بها البلاد لذلك فإن أساليب تنظيم الحرية ليست واحدة فقد تكون عن طريق الدستور أو القانون كما قد تكون عن طريق القرارات الإدارية التنظيمية .
حسام علي الحاج (6-2019)

Background and Objective: Superoxide Dismutase (SOD) is responsible for thedismutationof superoxide radicals and protect cells from toxic impairment due to excessive oxygen exposure. Overexpression of the superoxide dismutase 3 isoenzyme (SOD3) had been suggested to prevent cancer growth. Tocotrienols are the more potent members of the vitamin E family. The objective of this study was to investigate the dose-dependent effect of Tocotrienol Rich Fraction (TRF) supplementation on liver SOD3 gene and protein expression. Materials and Methods: Thirty male ICR white mice were divided into five groups [control, TRF-treated groups (T200, T500, T1000) and BHA (the positive control)]. After 14 days of treatment, the animals were sacrificed. Liver RNA and protein were extracted for qPCR and Western blotting to determine SOD3 gene and protein expressions and analysed using one-way ANOVA and Student’s t-test. Results: TRF oral administration significantly increased liver SOD3 gene and protein expressions dose-dependently, compared to controls. Liver SOD3 gene and protein expressions are significantly correlated with the doses of TRF administered. SOD3 gene expression is significantly highly correlated with SOD3 protein expression. Conclusion: In conclusion, TRF oral treatment for 14 days resulted in increased SOD3 gene and protein expression in mice liver in a dose-dependent manner, with the highest expression seen in mice treated with 1000 mg kg–1 TRF.
Ahmed Elbadri M Atia(11-2021)