Several reports have discussed possible bony morphological causes of fetlock pathology but without relating them to its morphometry. Radiographic measurement is widely used in constructing numerical databases of bone morphometry. Such measurements would not be reliable unless all factors affecting the radiographs were considered. Therefore, this study aimed to establish a specific dorsopalmar view (DP) for fetlock radiographic measurements, and then to develop reliable and repeatable fetlock parameters that represent fetlock conformation on those DP radiographs. Ten cadaveric forelimbs from ten adult horses were cut at the distal third of the radius and mounted in a normal posture for DP radiography. Specific features on fetlock bones were used as landmarks to identify the DP at zero degrees. Other bony features were selected as landmarks for developing fetlock parameters on these radiographs. Twenty-seven parameters were designed in the form of angles (12) and ratios (15). The repeatability and consistency of each parameter was tested. A specific fetlock DP view was determined at zero degrees based on certain landmarks. All angular and ratio parameters showed high reliability and consistency in their measurements. The established parameters provide an opportunity to test the relationship between fetlock morphometrics and performance, or the likelihood of certain pathologies.
Abdulrhman Mohamed Salah Alrtib, Aiman Hussein Saleh Oheida, Mohamed Hamrouni S. Abushhiwa, Helen M S Davies(3-2019)

ABSTRACT Background: The objective of this study was to evaluate changes of haematological and biochemical parameters in Hejazi goats under synchronization protocols treatment. Methods:Forty fertile and healthy female Hejazi goats were divided equally and randomly into four groups (n=10). All synchronization protocols started 7 days after the first 125 µg Cloprostenol injection (i.m.). The first group received CIDR treatment for 7 days only and followed by injection of second dose of PGF2α and 400 IU of PMSG, and the second group received CIDR treatment for 14 days and followed by injection of second dose of PGF2α and 400 IU of PMSG, and the third group received injection of 0.004 µg of synthetic GnRH analogue for 7 days and followed on day 14 by a second injection of 125 µg PGF2α followed by second injection of 0.004 µg of synthetic GnRH analogue, the fourth group received two doses of 125 µg PGF2α with14 days interval. Blood samples were collected from all of the does for biochemical analysis. Results: Observations showed no external or behaviour changes recorded and slight changes in all groups in diagnostic parameters. The conception rate tended to be decrease specific with increase in other days Conclusions: This study showed that monitoring the biochemical diagnostic parameters in the four groups going different protocols we didn’t record any significant different (P>0.05). The current study suggests that CIDR treatment for short and long are safe in Hejazi doe
Marwan M. Draid, Abdurraouf O. Gaja, Hoda R. Shnaishah(6-2021)

Background: Although bone tumors are common pathologies in companion animals, limited reports describe nasal osteosarcoma (OSA) in cats. Case description: A case of nasal OSA in a local Libyan cat was admitted to the Veterinary Teaching Hospital at the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tripoli-Libya, with nasal swelling and discharges and facial deformity. The radiological findings revealed nasal osteolysis with the absence of evidence of lung metastasis. In addition, fungal growth was not identified in microbiological culture. Furthermore, the pathological examination has grossly revealed a destructed nasal bone due to the presence of a tumor mass, with a mucohemorrhagic nasal discharge and absence of metastasis. OSA was confirmed histopathologically. Conclusion: This report presents the clinical, radiological, and pathological findings of a primary nasal OSA in a Libyan cat with no tumor metastasis to other body organs.
Mohamed Hamrouni S. Abushhiwa, Seham AL-Abed Hassan AL-Azreg, ٍٍSamer Khalifa Khalil Tmumen, Abdulrhman Mohamed Salah Alrtib, Abdulkareem Khalifa Ali Elbaz, Mahir Kubba, Al-Asayed R. Al-Attar, Emad M R Bennour(12-2019)