Abstract This study is to identify some mutations in exons 23, 24, 26 A+B, and 26 A of the factor VIII gene that causes hemophilia A among Libyan patients. Forty-three patients (40 males, 3 females), 10 carrier, and 10 control (8 males, 2 females) were enrolled in this study. The total number were 63 samples for each exon. Blood samples were collected from Libyan patients (Department of Paediatric Hematology, Tripoli Medical Center), and kept in freezer at -20 Cº. The blood samples were transported to DNA laboratory in the Genetic Engineering Department and Human Tissues Department Biotechnology Research Center, Twesha- Libya. Genomic DNA was extracted from whole blood and DNA was visualized by Agarose Gel Electrophoresis, and DNA concentration was measured by Spectrophotometer. DNA was amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique. Mutations were identified by restriction enzymes Taq I and Xba I. Taq I was used to detect nonsense mutations in Exon 23, 2147 [ Arg Stop codon (Term)], Exon 24, 2209 [ Arg Stop codon (Term)], and Exon 26 A+B, 2307 [ Arg Stop codon (Term)]. Our result showed no mutations were detected by using restriction enzyme Taq I in Exons 23, codon 2147, Exon 24, codon 2209, and Exon 26A+B, codon 2307. But by using restriction enzyme Xba I, we found six insertion mutations in Exon 26A, 3919 (ins GA) 11.3 % of 53 patients, and two partial deletion mutations in Exon 23 (3.8 % of 53 patients) refer to area failed to be amplified by PCR.
نادية نور الدين الصربوط (2010)

Environmental toxicants such as chemicals, heavy metals, and pesticides have been shown to promote transgenerational inheritance of abnormal phenotypes and/or diseases to multiple subsequent generations following parental and/ or ancestral exposures. This study was designed to examine the potential transgenerational action of the environmental toxicant trichloroethane (TCE) on transmission of liver abnormality, and to elucidate the molecular etiology of hepatocyte cell damage. A total of thirty two healthy immature female albino mice were randomly divided into three equal groups as follows: a sham group, which did not receive any treatment; a vehicle group, which received corn oil alone, and TCE treated group (3 weeks, 100 μg/kg i.p., every 4th day). The F0 and F1 generation control and TCE populations were sacrificed at the age of four months, and various abnormalities histpathologically investigated. Cell death and oxidative stress indices were also measured. The present study provides experimental evidence for the inheritance of environmentally induced liver abnormalities in mice. The results of this study show that exposure to the TCE promoted adult onset liver abnormalities in F0 female mice as well as unexposed F1 generation offspring. It is the first study to report a transgenerational liver abnormalities in the F1 generation mice through maternal line prior to gestation. This finding was based on careful evaluation of liver histopathological abnormalities, apoptosis of hepatocytes, and measurements of oxidative stress biomarkers (lipid peroxidation, protein carbonylation, and nitric oxide) in control and TCE populations. There was an increase in liver histopathological abnormalities, cell death, and oxidative lipid damage in F0 and F1 hepatic tissues of TCE treated group. In conclusion, this study showed that the biological and health impacts of environmental toxicant TCE do not end in maternal adults, but are passed on to offspring generations. Hence, linking observed liver abnormality in the offspring to environmental exposure of their parental line. This study also illustrated that oxidative stress and apoptosis appear to be a molecular component of the hepatocyte cell injury.
Mohamed A. Al-Griw , Soad A. Treesh, Rabia O. Alghazeer, Sassia O. Regeai (7-2017)

حدوث عدوى الإصابة بفيروس الالتهاب الكبد البائي بعد نقل الدم انخفضت مع إدخال اختبار HBsAg للكشف عن وجود الفيروس في دم المتبرعين، وهذا الاختبار هو الوحيد والروتيني في جميع مراكز نقل الدم في أغلب بلدان العالم، ولكن منع الخطر المتبقي لانتقال عدوى هذا الفيروس عن طريق التبرع بالدم يعتمد في الغالب على فحص دم المتبرعين لوجود Anti-HBc. لاكتشاف المتبرعين في مرحلة الفترة النافذة عند الإصابة بهذا المرض، وانه في العديد من الحالات يكون Anti-HBc هو المؤشر الوحيد للإصابة في الحالات التي ينخفض فيها مستوى HBsAg الى حد لايمكن كشفه وخصوصا في الحالات المزمنة. وهدف هذه الدراسة معرفة مدى انتشار Anti-HBcوAnti-HBsوHBV-DNA لفيروس الالتهاب الكبدي البائي في المتبرعين وإمكانية إدخال هذه الاختبارات ضمن الفحوصات الروتينية الخاصة بفحص دم المتبرعين للوصول لدم الأمن. حيث جمعت 437 عينه متبرع بالدم سالبة لاختبار HBsAg من بعض المستشفيات بمنطقة طرابلس, تم إجراء اختبار Anti-HBc باستخدام تقنيه قياس الامتصاص المناعي المرتبط بالإنزيم Enzyme linked immune sorbent assay(ELISA) وكل العينات الموجبة لاختبار منAnti-HBc والسالبة لاختبار HBsAg تم إجراء اختبار Anti-HBs عليها و ذلك باستخدام تقنيه VIDAS assay ,كل العينات الموجبة لاختبار Anti-HBc والسالبة لاختبار HBsAg والسالبة لاختبار Anti-HBs تم اختبارها للكشف عن DNA الفيروس و ذلك باستخدام  اختبار Cobas Amplicor HBV Monitor test .وبالتالي كانت نسبة وجود Anti- HBc الموجبة في سالبي HBsAg في هذه الدراسة 37(8.4%) وكانت نسبة وجود Anti- HBs السالبة في موجبي Anti- HBcو سالبي HBsAg 8(1.83%) وكان هناك عينة واحدة من 8 عينات سالبة Anti- HBs وموجبي Anti- HBcو سالبي HBsAg تحتوي على DNA الفيروس.ومن هذه النتائج نرى ادخال الاختباراتAnti- HBc و Anti- HBsوPCR ضمن الاختبارات الروتينية لفحص دم المتبرعين داخل مصارف الدم بالمستشفيات. Abstract Incidence of HBV after blood transfusion has decreased with the introduction of HBsAg test to detect the presence of the viurs in blood donors. This test is the only one used as a routine in all blood transfusion centers in most countries of the world. The prevention of residual risk for transmission Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) infection is mostly relied on serological screening of blood donors for antibody to hepatitis B core antigen (anti-HBc), to detect donors in window period in HBV infection, and in many cases anti-HBc is the only serological marker when HBsAg fall to the level that can not be detected especially in chronic cases. Assess the frequency of Anti-HBc (+) , Anti-HBs (-) and HBV-DNA(+) and evaluate whether Anti-HBc, Anti-HBs and HBV-DNA could be adopted as screening assayes for blood donation. Atotal of437 HBsAg negative blood donor samples collected from different hospitals in Tripoli area .All samples were tested for anti-HBc by (ELISA). Anti-HBc-reactive samples were tested for anti-HBs by (VIDAS assay).All samples with anti-HBs negative were further tested by PCR for the presence of HBV-DNA.The prevalence of anti-HBc in these samples was 37 out of 437 samples (8.4 %). prevalence of anti-HBs(-) in this group was 8 out of 37samples (1.83 %).and HBV-DNA was detected in 1 of 8 anti-HBs negative samples. Anti-HBc, Anti-HBs and HBV-DNA should be tested routinely on blood donor.
نجوى فتحي فرحات (2011)