Study discusses the genetic basis for familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) in some Libyan patients at Tripoli city, examining the distribution of variants that associated with mutations in exon 12 of low density lipoprotein receptor (LDL-R) gene on chromosome 19. Genetic analysis were done using polymerases chain reaction-single strand conformation polymorphism (PCR-SSCP) based on DNA technique, to detect splicing defects of the LDL-R gene in exon 12 on chromosome 19, among some Libyans patients probably have heterozygous familial hypercholesterol-emia (HeFH). The patient’svolunteer’s participants in this study were from Tajjora National Cardiac Center, Endocrine and Diabetic Hospital in Tripoli. The study showed the presence of the splicing defects (1845 +11 C>G)in the exon 12 of the LDL-R gene on chromosome 19 in patients with hyperchol-esterolemia and ischemic heart disease, as they have family history in hypercholesterolemia and other secondary causes to heart disease such as diabetic, hypertension, chest pain, and obesity. Frequency of HeFH Libyan patients was (0.86%), and the significant of statistical analysis were{p-value>0.05}, which considered high according to clinical diagnostic criteria for HeFH. As well as detection the single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) (1773C>T) that alter the exon splicing efficiency, because it is associated with an emerging of the functional genetic variants for mutations in exon-12, where results of molecular diagnosis confirmed that occurrence the mutation of (LDL-R gene) relates to premature coronary artery diseases(P-CAD). arabic 35 English 137
Soomia Ahmed Ali Al-Haddad(1-2016)

Seabird feathers and eggshells are used as bio-monitors for trace metal contamination. Eleven trace element concentrations in wing primaries (n = 21) and eggshells (n = 8) are reported herein for two resident seabirds, Bridled Tern Onychoprion anaethetus and Black-naped Tern Sterna sumatrana, at Pulau Ling and Pulau Tokung Burung, Malaysia. Metal concentration followed the pattern Zn > Cr > Mn > Sr > Cu > Se > Ba > Pb > Cd > Ga > Li. Significant positive correlations existed among all trace metals, except for Cr in Black-naped Tern and Li and Cd in Bridled Tern feathers. We also analyzed metal concentrations in eggshells, and for Bridled Tern, the concentration pattern was Zn > Mn > Se > Sr > Ba > Pb > Co > Cu > Cd, whereas for Black-naped Tern it was Cr > Zn > Mn > Ba > Sr > Se > Cu> Co > Pb. A pairwise positive correlation was significant among most trace metals in feather samples, indicating synergistic effects of two or more elements. More studies are needed to build a baseline database of trace metal concentrations in seabirds of Southeast Asia, as little research on this subject has been conducted in this region.
Abdulmula Abdumagid Alhadi Hamza(1-2022)

Thirty-one seabird species are found in Malaysia; a few still breed on rocky outcrops and small islands in the southern Seribuat Archipelago. A century-long egg harvest by local fishermen in the area is believed to have caused extirpation of several breeding populations. To update the status of seabirds in the southern section of the Seribuat Archipelago, a two-day survey was conducted in August 2017. Twenty-two islands were selected and surveyed using boat observation and colony visits. In total, over 6 200 birds were counted, representing five tern species: Bridled Tern Onychoprion anaethetus, Black-naped Tern Sterna sumatrana, Great Crested Tern Thalasseus bergii, Roseate Tern Sterna dougallii, and the Lesser Crested Tern T. bengalensis. The first two species are confirmed breeders, whereas the remaining species are either passage migrants or unconfirmed breeders. The survey led to the rediscovery of a small population of Roseate Terns at Pulau Yu (one of the species' two historic breeding sites in Malaysia). The islands surveyed are not legally protected (except for the Pulau Tinggi group). The protection of selected sites is highly recommended to conserve these remaining seabird populations.
Abdulmula Abdumagid Alhadi Hamza(4-2019)