Applied Thermodynamics
Thermodynamic is an interesting and important subject for all branches of engineering
students. Many industrial complexes depend on a number of devices such as turbines,
pumps, compressors, expanders, boilers, heat exchangers, evaporators, condensers,
heaters, diffusers, nozzles and expansion valves etc. These devices contribute to an
efficient working of the plant based on the laws of thermodynamics. This text is developed
on this principle based on my teaching experience in teaching this subject for the last three
decades to both chemical and mechanical engineering students at both undergraduate and
graduate levels. The text is a collection of examples and end of each chapter practical
problem that extracted from different engineering journals, texts and course examinations.
The material is organized in a manner that easily followed by students and instructors.
First is the application of the first law of thermodynamics as system and processes, and
then for flow process under steady state and unsteady state for different devices. Heat of
reaction or combustion is the heart of all industrial processes for power plants when using
different types of fuels. Fuels heating values and their flame temperatures provide insight
to these fuels. Understanding the second law for the above devices and process give a
complete picture for better energy utilization through exergy analysis of thermodynamic
cycles are deeply discussed through separate chapters in gas power plants, steam and
organic power plant and refrigeration cycles including both vapor compression and
absorption cycles. In a separate chapter that discusses Maxwell relations and application
of equation of state to determine the enthalpy, entropy specific heats and Joule Thomson
coefficient. To improve the efficiency many power generation plants nowadays are using
combined cycles either gas and vapor cycles or even the new renewable and friendly
environment fuel cells. The application of both laws is applied to gas liquefaction an
important subject in energy storage, air separation, and natural gas liquefaction.
Mailod Abdussalam Alarabi Alarabi(1-2020)